How online retailers grow their international business
The increases in sales in e-commerce have decreased despite rosy forecasts. This is why online retailers are breaking new ground abroad. But they struggle with internationalization strategies.
At the 100 largest online shops in Germany, sales only increased by 7.7 percent in 2013. Many entrepreneurs will take a deep breath when they hear the word 'only' in this context. But in relation to the e-commerce industry, which is used to success, the relativization is justified. Because in the previous year the plus of 12.3 percent was clearly in the double digits, according to a study by the Cologne retail research institute EHI and the statistical platform Statista.
German online retailers want to expand into other European countries
In view of the flattened growth and strong competition, German shops want to expand their international business. A survey of 1,000 German online retailers by Become Europe GmbH found that 77 percent of shop operators are currently discussing expansion abroad, 36 percent of them are even planning to expand to foreign markets. The European market is particularly attractive, but online retailers are also keeping an eye on Russia and North America. Currently more than half (55 percent) also deliver to other European countries, but the dealers only generate five percent of total sales through foreign business. The respondents consider legal uncertainties (50 percent) or cultural discrepancies (language / lifestyle) to be the greatest obstacles to the internationalization of e-commerce businesses.
Strategies for internationalization in e-commerce
But how does the globalization of an online shop succeed? The Springer authors Franziska Stallmann and Ullrich Wegner show in the book chapter "Strategies of Internationalization" with the examples Trendboxx, Apple, Douglas and Toys "R" Us, which solutions are available for the internationalization of e-commerce businesses. A key question in international market segmentation is the decision between standardization (globalization) or differentiation (localization), i.e. the question of whether online retailers want to offer their products and services identically worldwide or differently worldwide.
According to the authors, mixed strategies dominate in B2C e-commerce practice. But not only the decision as to whether the establishment of individual country shops or the establishment of a central shop that addresses cross-border target groups is crucial (page 200). The form of internationalization also had to be defined. The authors differentiate between (page 218 ff.), The higher the risk level:
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